Thông thường, các đề bài
trong IELTS writing task 2 thường được chia làm ba dạng: Discussion, Argument,
and Trend.
1. Discussion (thảo luận):
- Là dạng câu hỏi cho hai ý
kiến trái chiều nhau. Sau đó yêu cầu bạn phải thảo luận vấn đề từ nhiều chiều,
Đôi khi có yêu cầu bạn đưa ra ý kiến của mình hoặc không.
- Các cụm từ phổ biến mà bạn
sẽ thấy trong một đề bài discussion essay như:
Discuss both sides and give
your own opinion;
Discuss these two views and
give your opinion;
Discuss these two points of
view and give your opinion….
Cấu trúc bài:
* Introduction
(1) Paraphrase lời giới thiệu
từ đề bài.
(2) Đưa ra quan điểm chung
chung để dẫn xuống thân bài.
Template: While there are
benefits to (hướng 1), there are also good reasons why it might be beneficial
to (hướng 2)
** Body
Body 1:
(1) Topic sentence
Template: - On the one
hand, there are several benefits of....
- On the one hand, there
are those who believe/argue that....
- On the one hand, there
are those who are in favour of V-ing
.....
(2) Firstly, .........(main
idea 1)
(3) Explain/ Example
(4) Secondly, .......(main
idea 2)
(5) Explain/ Example
Body 2:
(1) Topic sentence
Template: - On the other
hand, some people claim that ....
- On the other hand, I side
with those who believe/claim that ....
- However, there are also
strong reasons why .....
(2) Primarily,
.........(main idea 1)
(3) Explain/ Example
(4) In addition,
......(main idea 2)
(5) Explain/ Example
*** Conclusion
Bài Mẫu
2. Argument (quan điển cá
nhân):
- Dạng câu hỏi này khá giống
Discussion nên đôi khi có thể gây nhầm lẫn. Cũng đưa ra hai ý kiến trái chiều
nhau nhưng dạng này yêu cầu người viết phải đứng về một quan điểm và bảo vệ
quan điểm đó.
- Các cụm từ thường thấy
trong đề bài argument:
= ....to what extend do you
agree or disagree?,
= .....what is your opinion
on this?…
Có 4 dạng câu hỏi:
2.1: So sánh ( Some people think A>B)
Intro- to an extent, I agree that A. However, this does not mean that is less important, as will now be discussed.
Body 1- On the one hand, there are several reasons why A
Body 2- On the other hand, B is also important.
In conclusion, it seems to me that neither A nor B are more crucial than the other.
2.2: Tuyệt đối ( xuất hiện những từ có tính tuyệt đối: the most, the best, all, only v...v)
Intro- to an extent, I agree that [phương án của đề]. However, this does not mean that ... ( phản đối ý có tính tuyệt đối)
- Body 1: viết 1 paragraph theo hướng đồng tình với phương án của đề
- Body 2: viết 1 paragraph theo hướng phản đối ý tuyệt đối
2.3: A, so B (Smoking is harmful to health, so it should be banned)
- Body 1: viết 1 paragraph theo hướng đồng tình với A
- Body 2: viết 1 paragraph theo hướng không phủ định B
2.4: Một hướng ( some people say A. Do you agree or disagree ?)
- There are several reasons why A.
Body 1: Firstly, ....
Body 2: Secondly, ....
Body 3: Finally, ....
Bài mẫu:
3. Trend (xu hướng): được
chia làm 3 dạng nhỏ:
3.1 What are the causes
(trend)? What are the solutions?
- Đưa ra một xu hướng =>
yêu cầu: tìm ra nguyên nhân và giải pháp cho xu hướng đó.
Eg: In recent years, the
proportion of the crimes committed by youngsters is on the rise. Discuss causes
to this problem and suggest solutions.
Cấu trúc bài:
* Introduction
It is true that … (giới thiệu
topic)… Reasons for this vary, and steps should be taken to tackle the problem.
** Body
(2) Firstly, .....smth is
partly to blame. (nguyên nhân 1)
(3) Explain/ Example
(4) Secondly, .......(
nguyên nhân 2)
(5) Explain/ Example
(6) However, there is a
range of available solutions to combat/mitigate the issue. One measure would be
that … Another remedy is that …. ( nêu giải pháp )
*** Conclusion
In conclusion, various
measures should be taken to xxx smth.
3.2. Is this a positive or
negative development?
- Dạng đề: cho 1 xu hướng
nào đó => yêu cầu: chỉ ra mặt tích cực và tiêu cực của xu hướng.
Eg: In many countries, the
proportion of older people is increasing steadily. What is the positive and
negative change of this trends to the society?
Cấu trúc bài:
* Introduction
It is true that … (giới thiệu
xu hướng)… Personally, I believe that this has both positive and negative
consequences, as will now be discussed.
** Body
Body 1:
(1) Topic sentence: On the
one hand, there are several benefits of smth.
(2) Firstly, .........(main
idea 1)
(3) Explain/ Example
(4) Secondly, .......(main
idea 2)
(5) Explain/ Example
Body 2:
(1) Topic sentence : On the
other hand, .... smth is not without its problems.
(2) Primarily,
.........(main idea 1)
(3) Explain/ Example
(4) In addition,
......(main idea 2)
(5) Explain/ Example
*** Conclusion
In conclusion, it seems to
me that smth has both positive and negative ramifications.
3.3 Do advantages outweigh
disadvantages?
- Dạng đề: cho 1 xu hướng
nào đó => yêu cầu: chỉ ra lợi - hại của xu hướng.
Cấu trúc bài:
* Introduction
It is true that … ( giới
thiệu topic )… While this may have several benefits, I believe that the
drawbacks are greater.
** Body
(1) Topic sentence: On the
one hand, there are several benefits of smth.
(2) Firstly, .........(main
idea 1)
(3) Explain/ Example
(4) Secondly, .......(main
idea 2)
(5) Explain/ Example
....
(6)However, I believe that
these benefits are negated by the potential problems.
*** Conclusion
In conclusion, it seems to
me that the shortcomings of smth are more significant than its positive
impacts.
Bài Mẫu:
People
now have the freedom to work and live anywhere in the world due to the
development of communication technology and transportation.
Do
the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
Answer
Today, it is true that with the development of
modern technologies and transport systems, people can easily live and work
everywhere in the world. In my opinion, it has many benefits more than
drawbacks.
Firstly, internet and mobile phone technologies have
revolutionized our working life. It can connect people in the different
countries. For instance, people can work at home and communicate via email,
online networks and video conferencing. It gives people more freedom to enjoy
their lives. People can save time and money.
Secondly, cheap airline and high-speed transport
systems has narrow physical distance, people can easily go on holiday to relax
and have fun. Low-cost airlines are making it cheaper to travel abroad.
Travelling abroad opens our minds and we can experience different cultures and
learn to speak other languages.
Finally, this development is better lifestyle. For
example, people can have accessibility to high standard education, better
health and lavish surroundings. Technologies help people to draw inspiration
and easily access in the world of knowledge. It helps to improve the standard
living.
However, a drawback of the development in technology
can reduce on face-to-face communication. For instance, the members of family
are not closer as in the past. This development in transport can have negative
effect on the natural environment such as air pollution, traffic jams and
global warming.
I would, therefore argue that although there are
disadvantages of the current trend to live and work abroad, they are outweighed
by the advantages. It can enrich people’s lives and lives of the people in the
countries that they move to
(Written by Jessica, 262 words)
